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An irrevocable trust cannot be changed or modified without the beneficiary's permission. Essentially, an irrevocable trust removes certain assets from a grantor's taxable estate, and these incidents of ownership are transferred to a trust.
Among the rigid set of qualifications that must be met for a see-through trust to take effect, the account must be valid and legal under state law, the trust must be irrevocable upon the plan owner's death, and all beneficiaries must be easily identifiable, eligible, and named.
Irrevocable trusts are often set up as grantor trusts, which simply means that they are not recognized for income tax purposes (all of the income tax attributes of the trust, such as income, loss, gains, etc. is passed on to the grantor of the trust).
To be qualified, a trust must be valid under state law and must have identifiable beneficiaries. In addition, the IRA trustee, custodian, or plan administrator must receive a copy of the trust instrument. If a qualified trust is not structured correctly, disbursements are taxable by the IRS.
A Qualified Subchapter S Trust, commonly referred to as a QSST Election, or a Q-Sub election, is a Qualified Subchapter S Subsidiary Election made on behalf of a trust that retains ownership as the shareholder of an S corporation, a corporation in the United States which votes to be taxed.
In general, a trust is a relationship in which one person holds title to property, subject to an obligation to keep or use the property for the benefit of another.
An irrevocable trust is simply a kind of trust that cannot be changed or canceled after the document has been signed. This sets it apart from a revocable trust, which can be altered or terminated and only becomes irrevocable when the trust maker, or grantor, dies.
A qualified revocable trust (QRT) is any trust (or part of a trust) that was treated as owned by a decedent (on that decedent's date of death) by reason of a power to revoke that was exercisable by the decedent (without regard to whether the power was held by the decedent's spouse).
The two-year limitation for S corporations to have as a shareholder either a testamentary trust or living trust that becomes irrevocable can be avoided by electing to convert the trust to a Qualified Subchapter S Trust, commonly referred to as a QSST.
For IRA beneficiary purposes, there generally are two types of trusts: one that meets certain IRS requirements is often called a qualified trust, also known as a look-through trust, and one that does not meet the IRS requirements if often called a nonqualified trust.