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The President names an appointee from that list who then, like federal judges, must be confirmed by the U.S. Senate. Judges serve for 15 years after their appointment. Eligibility for reappointment is determined by the District of Columbia Commission on Judicial Disabilities and Tenure.
The ProcessThe President usually will consult with Senators before announcing a nomination. When the President nominates a candidate, the nomination is sent to the Senate Judiciary Committee for consideration. The Senate Judiciary Committee holds a hearing on the nominee.
District of Columbia judges are appointed and reappointed through a merit-selection process; they are not elected. The District of Columbia Judicial Nomination Commission (JNC) screens all judicial applicants and recommends three nominees.
As of September 2021, judges for both of the courts in Washington, D.C. were selected through an assisted appointment method, where the President selects an appointee from a list provided by a nominating commission. The appointee must then be approved by the U.S. Senate.
Who appoints federal judges? Supreme Court justices, court of appeals judges, and district court judges are nominated by the President and confirmed by the United States Senate, as stated in the Constitution.
How are Supreme Court Justices selected? The President nominates someone for a vacancy on the Court and the Senate votes to confirm the nominee, which requires a simple majority. In this way, both the Executive and Legislative Branches of the federal government have a voice in the composition of the Supreme Court.
Superior court judges are elected by voters of the county on a non-partisan ballot at a general election. (Vacancies are filled by appointment of the Governor.) The term of office for a trial judge in California is 6 years.
Regarding the Article I courts, as of December 18, 2021, the Senate has confirmed two judges nominated by Biden, both to the United States Court of Federal Claims. There is one nomination to the Article I courts awaiting Senate action; for the United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces.
A simple majority vote is needed for confirmation (there are currently 100 U.S. senators). Typically, the nomination and confirmation process for a justice takes several months, but it can be, and on occasion has been, completed more quickly.
Supreme Court justices, court of appeals judges, and district court judges are nominated by the President and confirmed by the United States Senate, as stated in the Constitution.