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With this investment, it should come as no surprise that employers generally own the intellectual property created by its employees in the course of their employment. However, intellectual property that is created by an employee, other than in the course of employment, is owned by the employee not the employer.
Basically speaking, a patent assignment is a legal way for an inventor to transfer ownership of a patent to a business. As you may recall, in the United States, only a person (or group of people) can be listed as the inventor of a patent; a business cannot be listed as the inventor.
A patent assignment is an agreement where one entity (the assignor) transfers all or part of their right, title and interest in a patent or application to another entity (the assignee).
Generally speaking, ownership of an invention is based on the context within which the invention was created. If an invention is created by an employee who functioning within their defined role in a company, that individual is producing the invention for or on behalf of the company.
Assigning your patent rights to your company helps to build the asset valuation of your company, which will be important to any investors or lenders you may seek. Investors and lenders will often require you to assign patent rights to your company before they will complete a transaction with your company.
The general rule is that, in the absence of an agreement to the contrary, an employer is entitled to a nonexclusive license to use an invention devised by an employee while he or she was working for the employer. In the context of patents, the foregoing rule is referred to as the "shopright doctrine."
The general rule is that you own the patent rights to an invention you create during the course of your employment unless you either: signed an employment agreement assigning invention rights, or. were specifically hired (even without a written agreement) for your inventing skills or to create the invention.
Patent assignment transfers your ownership rights in your patent from yourself to your company. This means that once you assign the patent, you transfer all ownership and control of that patent and its intellectual property rights as the patent inventor to another entity/company, known as an assignee.
In the absence of a written agreement, an employee's patentable inventions may not belong to the employer, except in special circumstances. The employee employer relationship does not necessarily entitle the employer to ownership of inventions made by the employee.
All parties must sign the agreement, with limited exceptions in situations where the assignor cannot be reached but where enough evidence exists that documents their intentions and rights. File the patent assignment with the USPTO within three months after the agreement is signed, paying the then-current fee.