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In Florida, a voluntary dismissal is not considered a final judgment. Instead, it indicates that the case is removed from the court's docket, allowing the party to file again later if they choose to do so. This type of dismissal is often captured using a Dismissal without prejudice form for voluntary, preserving the rights of the party to re-initiate the case.
A case dismissed with prejudice is considered a final ruling on the merits of that case. A case dismissed without prejudice is not considered a ruling on the merits and the plaintiff is free to file a new lawsuit on the same grounds if they wish to do so.
A court may allow a plaintiff to voluntarily withdraw from the suit through a Rule 41(a) dismissal without prejudice if the plaintiff would suffer hardship from continuing the suit. Also, under Rule 37(b)(2), a court may dismiss without prejudice to sanction a party acting in bad faith.
Voluntary dismissal is termination of a lawsuit by voluntary request of the plaintiff (the party who originally filed the lawsuit).
Unless the notice or stipulation states otherwise, the dismissal is without prejudice. But if the plaintiff previously dismissed any state or federal court action based on or including the same claim, a notice of dismissal operates as an adjudication on the merits.
Voluntary Dismissal A prosecutor or plaintiff may decide that pursuing a matter in court is not the best course of action. In this case, the judge can dismiss the case with or without prejudice, even though the prosecutor or plaintiff voluntarily asks to drop the case.