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Forward contracts are contracts between two parties ? the buyers and sellers. Under the contract, a specified asset is agreed to be traded at a later date at a specified price. For example, you enter into a contract to sell 100 units of a computer to another party after 2 months at Rs. 50,000 per unit.
In a forward purchase transaction, a buyer and seller enter into a purchase and sale agreement at a set or calculated price for an asset that is either in pre-development or under devel- opment but not yet complete. A forward purchase transaction can be attractive to both buyers and sellers.
One of the most common forward contracts involves the sale of a commodity. Suppose a cattle farmer wishes to sell 100,000 cattle in six months. He wants to lock in the price now, so he enters into a forward contract with his bank to sell 100,000 cattle in six months for $10 million.
A forward contract is a customized contract between two parties to buy or sell an asset at a specified price on a future date. A forward contract can be used for hedging or speculation, although its non-standardized nature makes it particularly apt for hedging.
Record a forward contract on the contract date on the balance sheet from the seller's perspective. On the liability side of the equation, you would credit the Asset Obligation for the spot rate. Then, on the asset side of the equation, you would debit the Asset Receivable for the forward rate.