It depends on the local codes. The International Residential Code (IRC) allows you to build an accessory structure up to 200 square feet without a permit. Roughly 12 x 16 or 10x20 for example. Section R105.
A building permit is not required for a detached accessory structure as long as the structure does not exceed twelve feet (12') in ANY dimension. This means if the building is only 10 feet wide by 12 feet long by 11 feet tall, a building permit will not be required (A zoning permit may still be required).
Work Not Requiring A Permit Asphalt or gravel driveways. Awnings (wall mounted only) Exterior work under $15000 - Non Structural Only. Interior work under $15000 - Non Structural Only. Non-residential farm buildings. Non-structural slab (no footers for future building construction) Painting private residences.
Yes, a Zoning Use Permit is required for structures 12 feet or less in any dimension. This permit assures that the structure is located far enough from property lines and other buildings/structures. A building permit is required for anything measuring over 12 feet in any dimension.
In NC, you can do those a homeowner even if you aren't licensed (though the work still has to be up to code), as long as you occupy the house for at least a year afterwards. It's not always the best idea depending on the homeowner's skill level, but it is legal.
North Carolina grants owners an exemption to act as their own general contractor if they meet the following requirements. The property MUST be listed in your name. The property CANNOT be for rent, lease or sale for one year after the project is completed.
If you fail to get a permit for work that requires it, you can be fined. You may be forced to remove a building or tear out completed work.
NC allows you to build you own house without a CG, as long as you solely occupy it for at least a year before selling.