Inium Law The inium Act of the Philippines allows Filipino citizens and businesses to buy iniums. Foreigners, on the other hand, are limited to owning no more than 40% of a corporation's entire and outstanding capital stock, which must be Filipino-owned and controlled.
What are unenforceable HOA rules? Keep you out of court. Hush up litigation. Discriminate indiscriminately. Enter your home without cause or notice. String you out on the (clothes)line. Fine you for fun. Change rules on the fly. Demand you take down your dish.
Condo Ownership When you buy a condo, you own the interior of the unit. Unlike an apartment, where you need the landlord's permission to make changes, you can do whatever you like to the interior of your unit. You're also responsible for interior repairs and maintenance.
Laws always supersede governing documents IF they conflict and the law applies to your HOA. In California, the Davis-Stirling Act may take precedent over general corporation codes because it's specific to HOAs.
The local law supersedes the rules and regulations of the HOA, meaning that HOAs must ensure they are operating under the law.
An HOA has the authority to enforce the rules and regulations of the community using the community rules, or “bylaws and covenants.” These rules are considered “agreed upon” since homeowners approve them through board-elected representatives.
Many HOAs maintain a website where governing documents are posted. To find HOA rules and regulations online: Navigate to the HOA's official website. Look for sections labeled “Documents,” “Governing Documents,” or “Rules and Regulations.”
The laws of the land take precedence over all other HOA documents. State laws come before local laws, while federal laws outweigh everything else. Whether drafting your governing documents or deciding which one to follow, it's important always to check the law first.