Tax Deferral (for the seller): One of the most compelling reasons to consider an installment sale is the ability to defer capital gains tax.
One of the biggest benefits of an installment sale is that it helps the buyer place themselves into a lower tax bracket. The sale of some sizable property or property of sizable value—whether it's commercial real estate or residential real estate—can bump an investor into a tax bracket they'd like to avoid.
But it also can be beneficial for a seller because the taxable gain from the sale can be spread out over several years. Here's a close-up on the federal income tax implications for installment sales for sales of businesses, business ownership interests and other eligible assets.
To elect out, report the sale on Schedule D (540 or 540NR), California Capital Gain or Loss Adjustment; Schedule D (541, 565, 568), Capital Gain or Loss; Schedule D (100S), S Corporation Capital Gains and Losses and Built-In Gains; or Schedule D-1, Sales of Business Property, whichever applies.
An installment sale has the following primary disadvantages: The sold assets will not receive stepped-up basis in the event of your death.
The installment method is not available for the following Gains associated with inventory, depreciation, amortization recapture, and other ordinary income items. Dealers of real or personal property cannot use the installment method. Sales at a loss do not qualify for the installment method.