No. If you would need to refuse a break, either the break is a legal requirement or part of company policy (so refusal would be a fireable offense). In many situations, such refusal creates liability issues for the employer.
Absolutely. If you have to clock out for your lunch break, the company can't control how you spend the time. You must be released from all duties and responsibilities. Of course, you're responsible for finding a place to sleep and getting back on time to continue your shift.
As an employer, you can require your employees to take a break. However, many things depend on the labor laws in your location and your jurisdiction. As we already know, federal law doesn't require rest or meal breaks, but as we've seen on our list, some states do.
(There are some exceptions, with strict rules.) Lunch breaks are unpaid. This is because meal breaks are entirely un-work-related. The employer must relieve the employee of all work duties, and this helps to draw boundaries, and prevents other problems.
Generally yes, an employer can require an employee to take lunch or rest breaks (although not required by law in some states) for any given amount of time.
For an 8-hour work shift, employees are entitled to a minimum 20-minute uninterrupted break if they work more than six hours. The break should not be taken at the beginning or end of the shift, and employees must be allowed to take it away from their workstation.
In jobs that require an employee to stand for long periods of time or sit for long periods of time, the break is designed to let the employee sit or stand so that they can release tension from their physical position. Most companies allow a 5--10 minute break every 2--3 hours over an 8 hour or more shift.
Labor laws around the US are pretty constant. During an eight hour shift you are entitled to two fifteen minute breaks on the clock, and one half hour (lunch break) off the clock. While this is the law, one must be somewhat practical in its application. Other situations would require similar application.
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has neither researched nor issued standards requiring that workers be permitted lunch and rest breaks in the course of their workday.
Overview of Law New York requires that employers provide employees meal periods as follows: Employees are entitled to a 30-minute break between 11 a.m. and 2 p.m. for shifts that cover that time span and are more than 6 consecutive hours.