Bolar provision is a policy that allows third parties to test, use and make patented drugs for the purpose of seeking approval from the Food and Drug Administration before the patented drug expires.
The common law research exemption is an affirmative defense to infringement where the alleged infringer is using a patented invention for research purposes. The doctrine originated in the 1813 decision by Justice Joseph Story appellate decision Whittemore v. Cutter, 29 Fed. Cas.
Injunctive relief, also known as an injunction , is a court-ordered remedy which restricts a party from committing specific actions or requires a party to complete specific actions.
The Bolar exemption allows generics manufacturers to seek authorization or approval under pharmaceutical law before a patent expires, enabling market entry immediately after patent expiration. The research exemption permits the use of patented inventions for research purposes.
In many patent suits, patent holders seek injunctive relief to prevent an accused infringer from continuingto practice the patented invention. Whether an injunction can be granted depends on various considerations a judge may weigh under her equitable powers.
The Bolar exemption allows generics manufacturers to seek authorization or approval under pharmaceutical law before a patent expires, enabling market entry immediately after patent expiration. The research exemption permits the use of patented inventions for research purposes.
Indian Patent Act 1970-Sections. (1) The reliefs which a court may grant in any suit for infringement include an injunction (subject to such terms, if any, as the court thinks fit) and, at the option of the plaintiff, either damages or an account of profits.
In many cases, a contract will include an injunctive relief clause stating that one or both parties are entitled to relief to prevent them from suffering harm due to a breach of contract.
Injunctive relief usually takes one of three forms: temporary restraining order (TRO), preliminary injunction, and permanent injunction. As their modifying terms imply, each has a different level of the time commitment involved.