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4th Amendment For Constitution In Massachusetts
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Amendment Article 48 of the Massachusetts Constitution requires that the Attorney General's Office certify an initiative measure if the following requirements are met: The measure and its title are in proper form for submission to the voters.
"The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things ...
Written primarily by John Adams, it served as the model for the United States Constitution. Naturally, many amendments have been made to the Massachusetts Constitution in order to meet the needs of an ever-changing and advancing society: these changes are referred to as the Articles of Amendment.
The Constitution, through the Fourth Amendment, protects people from unreasonable searches and seizures by the government. The Fourth Amendment, however, is not a guarantee against all searches and seizures, but only those that are deemed unreasonable under the law.
Because Article 44 requires that all income of the same class be taxed at the same rate, Massachusetts applies a flat tax rate regardless of total income; the federal tax structure (and that used in most states) uses graduated rates.
"The right to travel is part of the 'liberty' of which a citizen cannot be deprived without due process of law under the Fifth Amendment." Operation of a motor vehicle upon public streets and highways is not a mere privilege but is a right or liberty protected by the guarantees of Federal and State constitutions.
A constitutional amendment must always be adopted by the people of Massachusetts, and this is done through a ballot question. The Secretary of the Commonwealth's Elections Division compiles election statistics and voter data in a publication popularly referred to as “PD43” (short for “Public Document 43”).
To claim a violation of Fourth Amendment rights as the basis for suppressing relevant evidence, courts have long required that the claimant must prove that they were the victim of an invasion of privacy to have a valid standing.
An amendment may be proposed by a two-thirds vote of both Houses of Congress, or, if two-thirds of the States request one, by a convention called for that purpose. The amendment must then be ratified by three-fourths of the State legislatures, or three-fourths of conventions called in each State for ratification.
Constitution of Massachusetts Constitution of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts Amendments 121 Last amended November 8, 2022 Commissioned by Massachusetts Provincial Congress Author(s) John Adams20 more rows