The disqualification clause of the Fourteenth Amendment prevents public officials who engage in treason from holding a future public office. This amendment dates back to the Reconstruction Era to prevent members of the Confederacy from resuming power after the Civil War ended.
Adopted after the American Civil War in 1868, Section 3, known as the Disqualification Clause, prohibited former Confederate soldiers and politicians who had rebelled against the victorious Union from holding future office.
The 14 th Amendment to the United States Constitution granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the US, including former slaves, and guaranteed all citizens equal protection of the laws.
No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.
The Fourteenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution contains a number of important concepts, most famously state action, privileges or immunities, citizenship, due process, and equal protection—all of which are contained in Section One.
The three states that rejected the Amendment before later ratifying it were Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. The two states that ratified the Amendment and later sought to rescind their ratifications were New Jersey and Ohio.
No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.
The amendment's first section includes the Citizenship Clause, Privileges or Immunities Clause, Due Process Clause, and Equal Protection Clause.
A major provision of the 14th Amendment was to grant citizenship to “All persons born or naturalized in the United States,” thereby granting citizenship to formerly enslaved people.