Arquebus in British English (ˈɑːkwɪbəs ) or harquebus. noun. a portable long-barrelled gun dating from the 15th century: fired by a wheel-lock or matchlock. Also called: hackbut, hagbut. Word origin.
By 1512 a larger caliber arquebus appeared, known as the heavy arquebus or caliver (about 65 to 75 caliber), with an improved effective range of over 100 yards.
The ballista was a highly accurate weapon but accuracy could be compromised for range. The maximum range was around 500 yards (460 m), but effective combat range for many targets was far shorter.
Connected to the lock lever was a trigger, which lowered the match into a priming pan when squeezed, igniting the priming powder, causing a flash to travel through the touch hole, also igniting the gunpowder within the barrel, and propelling the bullet out the muzzle.
Rifles were by far the most commonly used weapon of the war. The standard British rifle was the Short Magazine Lee Enfield (SMLE) Rifle Mk III. It had a maximum range of 2,280 metres, but an effective killing range of 550 metres. A well-trained infantryman could fire 15 rounds a minute.
The arquebus was a long rifle that used lighter rounds than later weapons like the musket. These weapons were slow-loading, often unpredictable and extremely unwieldy to use.