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Promises by Grantor. This promise is called a "covenant as to grantor's acts" (N.J.S.A. -6). This promise means that the Grantor has not allowed anyone else to obtain any legal rights which affect the property (such as by making a mortgage or allowing a judgment to be entered against the Grantor).
Adding a family member to the deed as a joint owner for no consideration is considered a gift of 50% of the property's fair market value for tax purposes. If the value of the gift exceeds the annual exclusion limit ($16,000 for 2022) the donor will need to file a gift tax return (via Form 709) to report the transfer.
Under a special warranty deed, the grantor only warrants and covenants to defend the title against claims and demands as against the grantor only, and not otherwise. The net effect of this limitation is to relieve the grantor from any liability for claims that do not arise through him.
A new deed has to be recorded to add or delete anyone from the official record of ownership. We recommend that you seek legal assistance from an attorney or title company specializing in property transactions. If you are listed as a Joint Tenant, no change is required but is recommended.
A bargain and sale deed with covenant against grantor's acts provides the grantee with a covenant that the grantor has not committed any act that would encumber title to the real property being conveyed. This is the most common type of deed used in New Jersey.