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Like the name, horizontal wells are drilled from the side. Vertical wells drill downward, but horizontal well is drilled off of a vertical borehole. Specifically, a well is horizontal if it's dug at an angle of at least eighty degrees to a vertical wellbore.
The horizontal directional drilling process has three basic stages: pilot drilling, expanding the drilling hole, and pulling the production pipe. First, the horizontal directional drill bores a pilot hole or bore path. They use a drill bit and drill pipe assembly to drill a small-diameter hole.
Horizontal wells are used in situations where the reservoir is abnormally shaped, or excavation is impossible. Horizontal drilling is preferred over vertical drilling due to its ability to access subsurface reservoirs that are not accessible from directly above.
A directional well is the oil industry term for an oil well with a borehole that deviates from a vertically straight line. This is normally done with the intention of hitting several target sands, for instance.
A horizontal well may be defined as a well which is drilled to an inclination of 90°, and maintains this inclination for a significant distance. Owing to the need for special equipment and the longer drilling times that must be expected, horizontal wells are considerably more expensive than conventional deviated wells.
The total number of horizontally drilled wells has increased 67.9%, from slightly less than 99,000 wells in 2014 to about 166,160 wells in 2021. Oil and natural gas wells drilled horizontally through hydrocarbon-bearing formations are among the most productive wells in the United States.
A horizontal well is a type of directional drilling technique where an oil or gas well is dug at an angle of at least eighty degrees to a vertical wellbore.
Hydraulically fractured horizontal wells account for most new oil and natural gas wells. In 2016, hydraulically fractured horizontal wells accounted for 69% of all oil and natural gas wells drilled in the United States and 83% of the total linear footage drilled.