The Utah Jury Instruction — ExplanatorInstructionio— - Prior Statement or Testimony of a Witness is an essential component of the legal framework in Utah. This instruction helps jurors understand the significance and limitations of prior statements or testimony made by a witness in a trial. By providing clarity on how to consider such evidence, this instruction ensures a fair and impartial decision-making process. In Utah, there are variations of this jury instruction. They include: 1. Utah Jury Instruction — ExplanatorInstructionio— - Prior Contradictory Statement of a Witness: This instruction addresses situations where a witness's prior statement contradicts their current testimony. Jurors are informed that if they find a prior statement exists, they should assess whether it diminishes the witness's credibility or casts doubt on their current testimony. 2. Utah Jury Instruction — ExplanatorInstructionio— - Prior Consistent Statement of a Witness: This instruction pertains to situations where a witness presents a consistent statement before the trial, which is offered to corroborate their credibility or refute allegations of fabrication or recent fabrication. Jurors are instructed to consider whether the consistency enhances the witness's credibility or lends weight to their current testimony. 3. Utah Jury Instruction — ExplanatorInstructionio— - Prior Inconsistent Statement of a Witness: This instruction guides jurors when a witness's prior statement contradicts their current testimony. Jurors are informed that they may rely on such inconsistencies to evaluate the witness's credibility carefully. However, they are also cautioned that mere inconsistencies alone may not necessarily indicate dishonesty or impair the witness's overall credibility. The purpose of these instructions is to assist jurors in evaluating the reliability and credibility of a witness's prior statements or testimony. Jurors are encouraged to consider various factors, including the timing, consistency, and potential motives or biases that may have influenced the witness. By providing these explanatory instructions, the Utah legal system aims to ensure that jurors comprehend the complexities of weighing prior statements or testimony. This understanding helps prevent any misunderstandings or unfounded assumptions, fostering the fair administration of justice in Utah courts.
Utah Jury Instruction - Explanatory Instruction - Prior Statement or Testimony of a Witness
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Jury instructions are given to the jury by the judge, who usually reads them aloud to the jury. The judge issues a judge's charge to inform the jury how to act in deciding a case. The jury instructions provide something of a flowchart on what verdict jurors should deliver based on what they determine to be true.
Jury instructions are the only guidance the jury should receive when deliberating and are meant to keep the jury on track regarding the basic procedure of the deliberation and the substance of the law on which their decision is based.
Judge's Instructions on the Law Either before or after the closing arguments by the lawyers, the judge will explain the law that applies to the case to you. This is the judge's instruction to the jury. You have to apply that law to the facts, as you have heard them, in arriving at your verdict.
Either before or after the closing arguments by the lawyers, the judge will explain the law that applies to the case to you. This is the judge's instruction to the jury. You have to apply that law to the facts, as you have heard them, in arriving at your verdict.
PATTERN JURY INSTRUCTIONS WHICH PROVIDE A BODY OF BRIEF, UNIFORM INSTRUCTIONS THAT FULLY STATE THE LAW WITHOUT NEEDLESS REPETION ARE PRESENTED; BASIC, SPECIAL, OFFENSE, AND TRIAL INSTRUCTIONS ARE INCLUDED.
For example, a judge might instruct jurors that, as a matter of law, the defendant must have known they were committing a crime to be convicted. The jury must make the factual determination whether the evidence showed that the defendant had that knowledge.
The judge issues their jury instructions at the end of a trial, once the prosecution and defense have presented all of their evidence and arguments.
The judge will advise the jury that it is the sole judge of the facts and of the credibility (believability) of witnesses. He or she will note that the jurors are to base their conclusions on the evidence as presented in the trial, and that the opening and closing arguments of the lawyers are not evidence.