7.4 Jones Act Negligence Claim-Causation Defined is a legal term used to describe a situation in which an employee has been injured or killed while working at sea and the employer is deemed to be liable. This type of claim is typically used in cases where the employer has acted negligently in providing a safe work environment for the employees. In order to prove causation for this type of claim, the plaintiff must prove that the employer’s negligence caused the injury or death of the employee. This can be done by showing that the employer knew of the danger or hazard and failed to take reasonable steps to protect the employee from harm. There are three types of causation related to Jones Act Negligence Claims: actual causation, proximate causation, and legal causation. Actual causation is when the employer’s negligence is the direct cause of the employee’s injury or death. Proximate causation is when the employer’s negligence is a significant factor in the employee’s injury or death. Legal causation is when the employer’s negligence is the legal cause of the employee’s injury or death.