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The State Land Board and its administrative agency, the Department of State Lands, manage mineral rights on nearly all state-owned land in Oregon.
Surface rights are what you own on the surface of the property. These include the space, the buildings and the landscaping. Mineral rights, on the other hand, cover the specific resources beneath the surface. In areas designated for mining, it's common for surface rights and mineral rights to be separate.
Mineral Interest (MI) When the mineral rights are conveyed to another person or entity, they are ?severed? from the land, and a separate chain of title begins. When a person owns less than 100% of the minerals, they are said to own a fractional or undivided mineral interest.
There are 6 types of mineral rights, including mineral interest (MI), royalty interest (RI), overriding royalty interest (ORRI), working Interest (WI), non-operated working interest, and net profits interest.
A mineral interest is simply a real property interest obtained from the severance or exploitation of minerals ? say natural gas ? from the surface. On the other hand, a royalty interest is the property interest that grants an owner a portion of the production revenue generated.
Mineral rights deeds are not the same as royalty deeds. Royalty deeds do not allow for surface access, or for the initiation of the extraction and sale of minerals. A royalty owner will only benefit economically if the mineral owner decides to produce and sell the minerals.
A quick overview of the differences between mineral rights and royalty interests shows a mineral interest is a real property interest obtained by severing the minerals from the surface and a royalty interest grants an owner a portion of the production revenue generated.
With a mineral deed, the holder usually has responsibility for development and production of the extraction on the property. That risk comes with the potential reward of the majority of the profit that comes from it. With a royalty deed, the holder does not usually bear the risk of the development and production.