A form of publication which tends to cause one to lose the esteem of the community is defamation. This is injury to reputation. A person can be held liable for the defamation of another. In order to prove defamation, the plaintiff must prove:
- that a statement was made about the plaintiff's reputation, honesty or integrity that is not true;
- publication to a third party (i.e., another person hears or reads the statement); and
- the plaintiff suffers damages as a result of the statement.
Slander is a form of defamation that consists of making false oral statements about a person which would damage that person's reputation. If one spreads a rumor that his neighbor has been in jail and this is not true, the person making such false statements could be held liable for slander.
Defamation which occurs by written statements is known as libel. Libel also may result from a picture or visual representation. Truth is an absolute defense to slander or libel.
Some statements, while libelous or slanderous, are absolutely privileged in the sense that the statements can be made without fear of a lawsuit for slander. The best example is statements made in a court of law. An untrue statement made about a person in court which damages that person's reputation will generally not cause liability to the speaker as far as slander is concerned. However, if the statement is untrue, the person making it may be liable for criminal perjury.
If a communication is made in good faith on a subject in which the party communicating it has a legitimate right or interest in communicating it, this communication may be exempt from slander liability due to a qualified privileged.
The following form letter demands that someone cease making libelous or slanderous statements, or appropriate legal action will be taken.
Defamation Of Character With Malicious Intent In Arizona
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A statement is defamatory if it tends to bring Name of Plaintiff into disrepute, contempt or ridicule, or to impeach Name of Plaintiff's honesty, integrity, virtue, or reputation.
Malicious intent means the person acted willfully or intention- ally to cause harm, without legal justification. Malicious intent means the person acted willfully or intentionally to cause harm, without legal justification.
Negligence and malicious intent. In order for a statement to be considered as defamation, it must have been made with the knowledge that it was false. A private citizen must show that the defendant knew (or should have known) the statement was false before giving it, but decided to give it anyway.
Libel and slander are both types of defamation. Libel is an untrue defamatory statement that is made in writing. Slander is an untrue defamatory statement that is spoken orally.
There must be a publication of the defamatory statement, that is to say, it must be communicated to some person other than the plaintiff himself. In case of slander, either there must be proof of special damages or the slander must come within the serious classes of cases in which it is actionable per se.
“The malice element in a civil malicious prosecution action does not require proof intent to injure. Instead, a plaintiff must prove that the initiator of the action primarily used the action for a purpose 'other than that of securing the proper adjudication of the claim.
In Arizona, the elements of a defamation claim are: a false statement concerning the plaintiff; the statement was defamatory; the statement was published to a third party; the requisite fault on the part of the defendant; and. the plaintiff was damaged as a result of the statement.
Also known as injurious falsehood, malicious falsehood is a legal cause of action that arises when someone makes a false statement that disparages another person's property or goods. This is different from defamation, which concerns false statements that harm an individual's personal reputation.
A person who commits the defamation is liable to any person injured by the defamation for damages, prejudgment interest, attorney fees, the costs of litigation and punitive damages. The damages may include lost sales and business, lost profits and loss in value of the business.
Negligence and malicious intent. In order for a statement to be considered as defamation, it must have been made with the knowledge that it was false. A private citizen must show that the defendant knew (or should have known) the statement was false before giving it, but decided to give it anyway.
