The LLC operating agreement, also known as an LLC agreement, establishes the rules and structure for the LLC and can help address any issues that arise during business operations. Most states have default provisions that address many of these difficulties, but the operating agreement can override these presumptions.
Operating agreements are not necessarily needed or legally required for setting up or operating an LLC. Some states require LLCs to have a written operating agreement, including California, Delaware, Maine, Missouri, and New York.
Why do you need an operating agreement? To protect the business' limited liability status: Operating agreements give members protection from personal liability to the LLC. Without this specific formality, your LLC can closely resemble a sole proprietorship or partnership, jeopardizing your personal liability.
Common pitfalls of a poorly drafted Operating Agreement include failing to: (i) specify what authority managers or members have; (ii) carve out key decisions that require a higher approval threshold (e.g., dissolution, sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the LLC, etc.); (iii) address how deadlocks in the ...
Their absence can lead to governance by default state laws, management, and financial disorganization, and increased legal vulnerabilities. LLCS should draft and maintain an operating agreement tailored to their specific business needs.
If you're forming—or have formed—an LLC in California, New York, Missouri, Maine, or Delaware, state laws require you to create an LLC Operating Agreement. But no matter what state you're in, it's always a good idea to create a formal agreement between LLC members.
Illinois state law doesn't require an operating agreement. Statute § 805 ILCS 180/15-5 states that LLC members may enter into an operating agreement but doesn't require them to do so.
Increased Legal Vulnerability: An operating agreement strengthens the LLC's limited liability status, protecting your personal assets from business debts. Without it, there's a higher risk of personal liability for business obligations if the LLC is sued.
The operating agreement is a legally binding document that is filed internally and kept at the business's physical location. The operating agreement is not filed with the state.