In simple words, it means that the losses for the buyer of an option are limited, however the profits are potentially unlimited. For a writer (seller), the payoff is exactly the opposite. His profits are limited to the option premium, however his losses are potentially unlimited.
A best of option is an option whose payoff is based on the best return from a basket of assets, while a worst of option is an option on the worst return of a basket of assets. If there are n underlying assets, the payoff effectively has n possibilities.
European Put Option The payoff of a put option is given by V(ST)=max(0,K−S), where K is the strike. As we have seen in our previous example, the contribution of the OOM region to the payoff PDF is a Dirac delta with weight equal to the probability of expiring OOM and located at zero (the constant OOM payoff).
Combining the above two states of the world, we get the following expression for the long-put-option payoff: VP (T) = max(K − S(T),0) = (K − S(T))+. So, the payoff function for a put option is vP (s)=(K − s)+.
The payoff ratio, also known as the profit factor is a metric that compares the average profit of winning trades to the average loss of losing trades. It helps traders assess the performance of their trading strategies and the potential profitability of their trades.
A put payoff diagram explains the profit/loss from the put option on expiration and the breakeven point of the transaction. It's a pictorial representation of the possible results of your action (of buying a Put).
The payoff function is a function u i : S 1 × S 2 × ⋯ S m → R .