Compensation: An employer must offer some benefit to the employee in exchange for limiting future opportunities. For new employees, the job offer itself is generally considered sufficient compensation. Still, existing employees asked to sign a covenant not to compete may be entitled to a raise or promotion.
Reasonableness: Non-compete agreements must be reasonable in terms of their scope and duration. This means that the restrictions must be no broader than necessary to protect the legitimate business interests of the employer, such as protecting trade secrets, confidential information, and/or customer relationships.
Non-compete agreements can represent between 0.3% to 7.0% of the value of an acquired business enterprise, depending on the industry segment. The upcoming FTC rule to ban most of these agreements starting in September 2024 could significantly alter the market dynamics and perceived value of these agreements.
At Xite Realty, we always recommend our clients hire attorneys to review legal documents before signing. Negotiate the smallest non-compete radius. A reasonable non-compete radius should be between three to five miles. We've seen radius as large as 20 miles!
The following are the most common ways to get out of a non-compete agreement: Determine that the terms of the contract do not in fact prevent you from a desired course of action. Recognize when a non-compete contradicts the law. Negotiate a release agreement with the involved parties. Ignore the agreement.
Under the Noncompete Rule, the FTC adopted a comprehensive ban on new noncompetes with all workers, including senior executives. The final Noncompete Rule provides that it is an unfair method of competition—and therefore a violation of Section 5—for employers to enter into noncompetes with workers.
For decades, noncompete agreements have been almost entirely unenforceable in California. At the end of 2023, the California legislature expanded its ban on noncompetes to encompass contracts entered outside of California by enacting California Business and Professions Code section 16600.5.
For senior executives, existing noncompetes can remain in force. Existing noncompetes with workers other than senior executives are not enforceable after the effective date. Fewer than 1% of workers are estimated to be senior executives under the final rule.
The only exceptions are non-compete or restrictive covenants that fall within one of the narrow exemptions authorized by statute, all of which relate to the sale of the goodwill of a business, or of a substantial ownership stake in the business.
On January 1, 2024, California introduced a new statute that makes non-competes unlawful “regardless of where and when the contract was signed.” This law has produced new uncertainty for employers around the country, and, predictably, litigation has taken off.