Deceptive Practices In Research In King
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FAQ
A common feature of research investigating the placebo effect is deception of research participants about the nature of the research. This use of deception is considered necessary to understanding the placebo effect, but has received little systematic ethical attention.
Biases in placebo research, such as response bias, can affect the internal validity of studies, raising doubts about whether, or to what extent, genuine placebo responses have been observed.
Research studies occasionally involve the deception of participants. Deception is typically used to promote scientific validity, with participants provided with false or incomplete information about the research in order to obtain unbiased data with respect to the participants' attitudes and behavior.
In placebo research, participants are not deceived for their own benefit. Rather, they are deceived for the benefit of science and society in general, through the development of generalizable knowledge. Deception of research participants also clearly conflicts with the ethical norms governing clinical research 25,26.
Deception is when a researcher gives false information to subjects or intentionally misleads them about some key aspect of the research. This could include feedback to subjects that involves creating false beliefs about oneself, one's relationship, or manipulation of one's self-concept.
A few ways deception might be used is by misrepresenting the purpose of the research, using participants, and observing participants without their knowledge.
A placebo effect example is when a person wants to take sleeping medication but accidentally takes a medication that is just a pain reliever. This person can actually start to feel drowsy and believe that the medication will put them to sleep. In reality, there is no sleep medication in their system.
8.07 Deception in Research (a) Psychologists do not conduct a study involving deception unless they have determined that the use of deceptive techniques is justified by the study's significant prospective scientific, educational, or applied value and that effective nondeceptive alternative procedures are not feasible.
Deception or incomplete disclosure should only be used when no reasonably effective, alternative methods are available to achieve the goals of the research. Only study procedures that involve minimal risks (as determined by the IRB) can include deception or incomplete disclosure.
Active deception involves intentionally providing inaccurate or false information to participants (e.g., one study team member tells participants that they will be engaged in a cooperative task with other participants, but instead they will be interacting with other members of the study team).
