Miranda warnings are not required when the suspect is unaware that they are speaking to a law enforcement officer and gives a voluntary statement.
Nonetheless, there are two exceptions to the required Miranda warnings for an in-custody suspect. The first is called the “rescue doctrine” exception and the second is called the “public safety” exception.
Miranda rights typically do not apply during a stop and frisk, since these stops and searches are usually conducted before performing an arrest.
Nonetheless, there are two exceptions to the required Miranda warnings for an in-custody suspect. The first is called the “rescue doctrine” exception and the second is called the “public safety” exception.
Quarles, 467 U.S. 649 (1984), that there is also a "public safety" exception to the requirement that Miranda warnings be given before questioning; for example, if the defendant is in possession of information regarding the location of an unattended gun or there are other similar exigent circumstances that require ...