When you work with a bail bondsman, you can remain anonymous if you wish. The only people who will know your name are the bail agent and the court. Your name will not appear on any public records associated with the case.
For example, in California, bail bond records are generally public and accessible via the Public Access to Court Electronic Records (PACER) system.
Posting Bail in Illinois Since there are no bail bondsmen in Illinois, those arrested can post bail directly to the court.