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In documents and publications, once a reference has been given in full, a shortened form can be used when the same source is cited again in non-consecutive footnotes.

The abbreviation ibid (meaning 'in the same place') can be used to repeat a citation in the immediately preceding footnote. Never italicize or capitalise ibid. In the above example, ibid is followed by a page number (6), which means 'in the same work, but this time on page 6'.

To cite multiple sources of the same kind in the same footnote, put the sources in chronological order with the oldest first, separating them with a semi-colon. For example: Broder v Saillard (1876) 2 Ch D 692 (Ch); Pemberton v Bright [1960] 1 All ER 792 (CA).

Answered By: Gabe Gossett If you are citing them in-text more than once, and you are referring to the same source each time, then you can simply reuse that same in-text reference with a single entry on your references page at the end.

Yes, you can abbreviate the subsequent citations of the source. If the subsequent citation is in the footnote immediately following the full citation, you can use 'ibid'. Used alone, 'ibid' means 'in the very same place' ? in other words, the same source and the same page or paragraph as the preceding full citation.

The first footnote contains the full citation. Subsequent footnotes from the same item can be shortened to the author or author and title. Use the same rules for footnotes for online sources. Use a shortened form for the second footnote.

Do not place multiple footnotes at the same point in your text (e.g. 1, 2, 3). If you need to cite multiple sources in one sentence, you can combine the citations into one footnote, separated by semicolons: 1.

You can put more than one citation in the same footnote. You would create only one note, placing a semicolon (;) between the citations.