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While port 139 and 445 aren't inherently dangerous, there are known issues with exposing these ports to the Internet. You can check if a port is open by using the netstat command. There is a common misconception that an open port is dangerous.

Vulnerabilities in SMB Shares Enumeration is a Medium risk vulnerability that is one of the most frequently found on networks around the world. This issue has been around since at least 1990 but has proven either difficult to detect, difficult to resolve or prone to being overlooked entirely.

Here's an example of how the SMB works in real life. Let's say that the printer in your office is connected to the office administrator's computer. If you want to print a document, your computer (the client) sends the office administrator's computer (the server) a request to print it and uses the SMB protocol to do it.

With attacks like WannaCry and NotPetya making the news in recent years, you may wonder if SMB is secure. Of course, as with most network protocols, whether or not SMB is secure depends on your version and implementation. Generally speaking, SMB today is a highly secure protocol.

SMB Encryption offers an end-to-end privacy and integrity assurance between the file server and the client. It provides this security regardless of the networks traversed, such as wide area network (WAN) connections maintained by non-Microsoft providers.

SMB Port Exploitation Vulnerabilities in SMB Listens on Port is a Medium risk vulnerability that is also high frequency and high visibility. This is the most severe combination of security factors that exists and it is extremely important to find it on your network and fix it as soon as possible.