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Persistent objector Where a State has objected to a rule of customary international 1. law while that rule was in the process of formation, the rule is not opposable to the State concerned for so long as it maintains its objection.

There is no universal agreement regarding precisely which norms are jus cogens nor how a norm reaches that status, but it is generally accepted that jus cogens bans genocide, maritime piracy, enslaving in general (i.e. slavery as well as slave trade), wars of aggression and territorial aggrandizement, torture, and ...

Ing to Article 38 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice, the primary sources of international law are: 1) international treaties and conventions 2) international custom, as evidence of a general practice accepted by law, and 3) the general principles of law recognized by civilized nations.

The widespread repetition by States of similar international acts over time (State practice); the requirement that the acts must occur out of a sense of obligation (opinio juris); and. that the acts are taken by a significant number of States and not rejected by a significant number of States.

Treaties, custom, and principles of law are sometimes referred to by lawyers and librarians with a common law background as "primary sources" of international law. Judicial decisions and the teachings of publicists are sometimes referred to as "secondary sources" or evidence of international law rules.

A) Treaties between States; (b) Customary international law derived from the practice of States; (c) General principles of law recognized by civilised nations; and, as subsidiary means for the determination of rules of international law: (d) Judicial decisions and the writings of ?the most highly qualified publicists?.