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Jetpack Compose is a modern declarative UI Toolkit for Android. Compose makes it easier to write and maintain your app UI by providing a declarative API that allows you to render your app UI without imperatively mutating frontend views.

Surface is a basic building block for displaying content and can be used to wrap other composable to provide a background color, elevation, padding, and other layout properties.

Boxes are the third main layout in Jetpack Compose. The main use for boxes is to stack child elements on top of each other.

The three basic standard layout elements in Compose are Column , Row and Box . They are Composable functions that take Composable content, so you can place items inside. For example, each child inside of a Column will be placed vertically.

Use Column to place items vertically on the screen. Similarly, use Row to place items horizontally on the screen. Both Column and Row support configuring the alignment of the elements they contain. Use Box to put elements on top of another.

Surface is used when you want a surface for your UI , you can set the background color, shape etc. Card on the other hand, have default elevation(Material Design Standard) and pretty much have every property as the surface .

This can slow the app on startup, and whenever it uses a library feature for the first time. You can improve performance by defining baseline profiles.

If you want to incorporate Compose UI content in a fragment or an existing View layout, use ComposeView and call its setContent() method. ComposeView is an Android View . You can put the ComposeView in your XML layout just like any other View : <?

Compose.material3. Build Jetpack Compose UIs with Material Design 3 Components, the next evolution of Material Design. Material 3 includes updated theming and components and Material You personalization features like dynamic color, and is designed to be cohesive with the new Android 12 visual style and system UI.

Android UI development is now more powerful. Few years back, before Jetpack compose, developers were using XML layouts to build native UI. When we build screens with XML, we have a very dependent structure.