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For one, in New York for a party to make an adverse possession claim they must make open and notorious use of the property for 10 continuous years. Obviously, somebody using a private garden courtyard as though it were their own would likely be challenged before they could make any claim to it.
"Hostility" does not mean malice or ill will. In the adverse possession context, "hostility" means that the individual claiming possession of a disputed piece of land must demonstrate to a court that their possession is an actual invasion of, or infringement upon, the true owner's property rights.
One who seeks to assert title in land by adverse possession must prove each of the following for a period of more than ten years: that he has held the land adversely and that the possession has been actual, open and notorious, exclusive, continuous, and under a claim of title or color of title.
For one, in New York for a party to make an adverse possession claim they must make open and notorious use of the property for 10 continuous years. Obviously, somebody using a private garden courtyard as though it were their own would likely be challenged before they could make any claim to it.
Adverse possession in New York is governed by statute, but also by the courts. Importantly, the burden of proof to establish a claim of adverse possession is on the trespasser. The legal holder of title is the presumed owner until the adverse possessor can meet that burden.
The burden of proof extends to all of the necessary elements of such possession and includes the obligation to show that it was actual, open, continuous, and under a claim of right or title.? Holmes v. Johnson, 324 Mass. 450, 453, and cases cited. If any of these elements is left in doubt, the claimant cannot prevail.