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In an option contract, the seller is the optionor and the buyer is the optionee. It is a unilateral contract in that the seller is obligated to sell, but the buyer has the option to buy.
An option to purchase is an agreement that gives a potential buyer (optionee) the right, but not the obligation, to buy property in the future. The optionee must decide by a certain time whether to exercise the option and thereafter by bound under the contract to purchase.
The purpose of an options contract in real estate is to offer the buyer alternatives. Outcomes may vary according to the type of buyer, including early exercise, option expiration, or second-buyer sales. Real estate professionals use option contracts to provide flexibility on specific types of real estate transactions.
Now, as with any contract, consideration, or an exchange of something of value, is necessary for the contract to be enforceable. This means that the buyer must give the seller a deposit, or a small amount of money, to secure the sale. Sometimes this is called earnest money.
Once a buyer has an option to buy a property, the seller cannot sell the property to anyone else. The buyer pays for the option to make this real estate purchase. The option usually includes a predetermined purchase price and is valid for a specified term such as six months to a year.
Option agreements are unenforceable unless consideration is given for the option. The Supreme Court affirmed that if the purchase agreement is really an option agreement then, like all option agreements, it will not be enforceable unless the optionee gave consideration for the option right.
An option-to-purchase contract must conspicuously state the duration of the option period. There is no correct or preferred unit of time and option periods can range from months to years. Typically, however, in the residential context, option periods range from one-to-five years.
So long as the buyer had notice of the option at the time of the sale, the optionee can enforce the option against the new buyer. However, if the buyer doesn't have notice of an option at the time of the sale, the optionee's rights are terminated, and the seller is in breach of the option contract.
An option to purchase agreement gives a home buyer the exclusive right to purchase a property within a specified time period and for a fixed or sometimes variable price. This, in turn, prevents sellers from providing other parties with offers or selling to them within this time period.
In this agreement, a seller offers an option to the buyer to purchase property at a fixed price within a limited time frame. In other words, this option is a specific contract on a distinct piece of real estate that gives a buyer the exclusive right to purchase that specific property.