Iowa Chapter 18 — Reserved consists of a collection of laws that reserve certain powers for the State of Iowa. The specific laws contained in Chapter 18 are divided into three categories. The first type of law in this chapter is those that reserve certain powers to the state legislature, including the power to tax, regulate, and spend public funds. The second type of law in this chapter reserves certain powers to the state judiciary, such as the power to interpret the state’s laws and the power to issue judicial decisions. The third type of law in this chapter reserves certain powers to the state executive branch, such as the power to enforce the laws of the state and to appoint certain state officials. The laws contained in this chapter are intended to ensure that the state government remains independent and can act in the best interests of the citizens of the state.