Guam Jury Instruction — Uttering A Forged Endorsement refers to the legal guidelines provided to juries in Guam for cases involving the offense of uttering a forged endorsement. Uttering a forged endorsement refers to the act of knowingly presenting or using a document, such as a check or promissory note, that contains a forged endorsement with the intention of deceiving another person or organization. In Guam, there are various types of jury instructions related to uttering a forged endorsement, including: 1. Uttering a forged endorsement — General Elements: This type of instruction outlines the essential elements that must be proven by the prosecution to establish the defendant's guilt. It typically includes elements such as knowingly using a document with a forged endorsement, intent to defraud, and the presentation of the document. 2. Knowledge of Forgery: This instruction focuses on the defendant's state of mind and requires the prosecution to prove that the defendant had knowledge of the forged endorsement. It may explain that the defendant's awareness of the forgery can be inferred from certain circumstances or intent. 3. Presentation of Forged Document: This type of instruction emphasizes the requirement that the defendant must have presented or used the document with the forged endorsement to another person or entity. It may also address situations where the document was presented electronically, such as through email or online platforms. 4. Intent to Defraud: This instruction delves into the element of intent, stating that the defendant must have intended to defraud or deceive another party by using the document with the forged endorsement. It may explain that the intent can be inferred from the defendant's actions or the surrounding context. 5. Lesser Included Offenses: This instruction informs the jury about potential lesser offenses that they may consider if they find the defendant not guilty of uttering a forged endorsement. It may include offenses such as forgery, possession of a forged document, or attempting to pass a forged instrument. 6. Burden of Proof: This instruction reminds the jury that the burden of proof lies with the prosecution, who must prove the defendant's guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. It may also explain the concept of reasonable doubt and the jury's responsibility in assessing the evidence presented. These different types of Guam Jury Instructions — Uttering A Forged Endorsement help the jury understand the specific legal elements and considerations necessary to make an informed decision in cases involving the offense.
Guam Jury Instruction - Uttering A Forged Endorsement
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At the end of a trial, the judge instructs the jury on the applicable law. While the jury must obey the judge's instructions as to the law, the jury alone is responsible for determining the facts of the case from the differing versions presented by the parties at trial.
After the closing arguments, the judge will give the jury its final instructions. Both sides may contest the content of those instructions because they can have an enormous effect on the jury's verdict. During deliberations, the jurors may have questions about the evidence or the instructions.
Judge's Instructions on the Law Either before or after the closing arguments by the lawyers, the judge will explain the law that applies to the case to you. This is the judge's instruction to the jury.
Jury instructions are given to the jury by the judge, who usually reads them aloud to the jury. The judge issues a judge's charge to inform the jury how to act in deciding a case. The jury instructions provide something of a flowchart on what verdict jurors should deliver based on what they determine to be true.
If the jury is allowed to separate (leave the courthouse) during deliberation, the judge will have the jury come to the box and will instruct them regarding the separation. In a criminal case, the bailiff should check with the judge about whether the defendant should be present.
It is not required that the government prove guilt beyond all possible doubt. A reasonable doubt is a doubt based upon reason and common sense and is not based purely on speculation. It may arise from a careful and impartial consideration of all the evidence, or from lack of evidence.
General Contract Questions The basic format in the Texas Pattern Jury Charges to submit a breach of contract is to ask, as needed, whether the parties had an agreement and whether one or both of the parties failed to comply with the agreement. See PJC 101.1 and 101.2.
(18 U.S.C. § 1343) [To convict defendant[s] of wire fraud based on omission[s] of material fact[s], you must find that defendant[s] had a duty to disclose the omitted fact[s] arising out of a relationship of trust.