Although New York disfavors restrictive covenants based on public policy, which respects the right of people to earn their own living, these provisions are enforced if: (1) there is a legitimate business interest in enforcement, and (2) the scope of the restriction is narrowly drawn.
How do employers enforce non-competes? An employer can file a lawsuit and ask a court to enforce the non-compete and require the employee to follow its terms. Some employers may send a letter to the employee or to the employee's new employer threatening to file a lawsuit to discourage employees from taking a new job.
Are non-competes legal? A non-compete is only allowed and enforceable to the extent it (1) is necessary to protect the employer's legitimate interests, (2) does not impose an undue hardship on the employee, (3) does not harm the public, and (4) is reasonable in time period and geographic scope.
Summary: This bill would prohibit employers from entering into non-compete agreements with employees, and it would rescind any non-compete agreements that predate the effective date of this bill. Employers would be subject to a $500 civil penalty for each violation of this bill. Ver.
Yes, the general rule in NY is that lawyers can't be held to a non-compete. But the Court of Appeals has acknowledged a rare exception to that rule.
That said: In general, an NDA should not stop you from getting a new job. When you signed the NDA you promised not to disclose certain types of information about the company. So it shouldn't matter where you go to work after that, as long as you don't disclose this information.
Take a non-competitive job or role outside your current employer's specialty. Prove your employer breached the contract to invalidate the non-compete clause. Argue that the non-compete is overly restrictive or not enforceable. Negotiate or prove no legitimate business interests exist to uphold the agreement.
Most New York courts will not enforce a non-compete agreement if the restriction is for over a year. For example, courts will generally find this time frame too long if the agreement attempts to restrict an employee for two years or more.
A noncompete is unenforceable if it restricts an employee's ability to exercise their rights under federal law. No employer may enter into a covenant not to compete or a covenant not to solicit with any employee. Existing noncompetes are void and unenforceable, including out-of-state noncompetes.