Time Limits for Filing 120-day deadline: A petition for probate must typically be filed within 120 days of the decedent's passing. This step formally begins the probate process, allowing the court to appoint an executor or administrator to handle the estate.
In other words, heirs receive their inheritance at the end of the probate proceeding. Generally, this is at least 10-18 months after the probate petition is initially filed with the court. Once the judge has issued the order for distribution, estate heirs can expect to receive an inheritance check within a few weeks.
California law says the personal representative must complete probate within one year from the date of appointment, unless s/he files a federal estate tax. In this case, the personal representative can have 18 months to complete probate.
Risk of Estate Taxes and Liens Without probate, the estate may face unresolved tax issues, leading to additional financial liability for the heirs. The estate might also face liens or claims from creditors that could have been resolved through the probate process.
Time Limits for Filing 30-day deadline: The personal representative (responsible for managing the estate) must notify all beneficiaries and heirs within 30 days of the decedent's death, so everyone understands the probate process and their involvement.
That being said, it is never a good idea to delay the inevitable. California Probate Code section 8001 specifies that the executor has 30 days after the decedent's date of death and after learning they are the nominated executor to petition the court for administration of the estate.
Not all estates need to go through formal probate. Depending on how the property is owned, and the type and amount of property, you may not need to go to court or you may be able to use a simpler court process.
Generally, in California creditors of a decedent's estate have up to one year (365 days) from the decedent's death to file a timely creditor claim. The claim must be filed inside an open probate court proceeding.