FORGERY is the creation of falsified material or the altering of any writing with the purpose of defrauding or cheating. There are four basic types of forgery: traced, simulation, freehand and lifted.
Any person who forges any document or electronic record is guilty of an offence which, unless otherwise stated, is a felony and he is liable, unless owing to the circumstances of the forgery or the nature of the thing forged some other punishment is provided, to imprisonment for three years.
The Best Methods for Detecting Signature Forgery: Legal Tips Observe Changes in Motion. Pen Pressure and Stroke Path. Letter Formation and Consistency. Speed and Rhythm of Signing. Digital Signature Verification Systems. Optical Character Recognition (OCR) and Image Analysis. Forensic Handwriting Analysis.
— Any person who shall forge, import or utter, in connivance with the forgers or importers, any instrument payable to order or other document of credit not payable to bearer, shall suffer the penalties of prision correccional in its medium and maximum periods and a fine not exceeding P6,000 pesos.
The fact of forgery can only be established by a comparison between the alleged forged signature and the authentic and genuine signature of the person whose signature is theorized to have been forged.
Forgery: This involves the act of fraudulently making or altering a document to the prejudice of another's rights. Falsification: This involves the intentional act of imitating or altering an authentic document to misrepresent its content.
For private documents: If the forgery or falsification involves private documents, such as contracts, wills, or personal agreements, the penalty could be prisión correccional (imprisonment from 6 months to 6 years).
— Burden of proof is the duty of a party to present evidence on the facts in issue necessary to establish his claim or defense by the amount of evidence required by law." Saguid v.