The answer to this question is both yes and no. While every board member is a shareholder, not every shareholder is automatically a board member. Shareholders who own a certain percentage of the company's shares (usually 10 percent or more) are eligible to serve on the board.
While you can become a board member without having a wealth of experience, a tangible track record gives organizations confidence that you understand the requirements of the job and can contribute to their overall mission.
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Typically, a director is (or should be) a shareholder in the company. Directors are appointed, i.e. voted into office, by the shareholders of a company at a properly convened meeting of shareholders.
If your business is a corporation, then you are required by law to have a board of directors. Depending on your particular corporate structure and your state, one or two directors may be all that's legally required.
In conclusion, a director does not have to hold shares in a company in order to be its director. Rather, a director can choose to become a shareholder. However, this is dependent on the company's constitution.
Every public company must have a board of directors. Many private companies and nonprofit organizations will have a board of directors, often called a board of trustees, as well.
Unless the corporation's Articles of Incorporation provide otherwise, a director is not required to be a shareholder of the corporation. In addition, certain jurisdictions require a director to be a Canadian resident - see below. Majority of directors must be Canadian residents.
To operate in Pennsylvania, businesses must register their business structure – such as an LLC, partnership, corporation, or other structure – with the Pennsylvania Department of State.