Contract Law For Promise In Massachusetts
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A binding contract requires both an offer and acceptance of that offer. A party makes an offer by expressing a willingness or desire to enter into an agreement with the intent that, if the other party accepts the terms of the offer, then there is a binding contract.
In a private promise, the promisor undertakes to give the promisee's relevant interests weight equal to or greater than her own. Contract, by contrast, turns on the separateness of these interests.
In common law, a promise is not, as a general rule, binding as a contract unless it is supported by consideration (or it is made as a deed). Consideration is "something of value" which is given for a promise and is required in order to make the promise enforceable as a contract.
Typically, a promise is only binding if there's consideration (something of value exchanged between the parties). But contract law isn't always that rigid.
Thus, a promise may be enforceable to the extent that the promisee has incurred substantial costs, or conferred benefits, in reasonable reliance on the promise. Promissory estoppel under Section 90 of the Restatement of Contracts is the primary enforcement mechanism when action in reliance follows the promise.
The doctrine of privity of contract means that only those persons who are parties to the contract can enforce the same. A stranger to the contract cannot enforce a contract even though the contract may have been entered into for his benefit.
Contract law has ventured far beyond such narrow limitations, embracing reliance and unjust enrichment as additional principles of promissory obligation. Thus, a promise may be enforceable to the extent that the promisee has incurred substantial costs, or conferred benefits, in reasonable reliance on the promise.
A contract is an agreement between parties, creating mutual obligations that are enforceable by law. The basic elements required for the agreement to be a legally enforceable contract are: mutual assent, expressed by a valid offer and acceptance; adequate consideration; capacity; and legality.
A contract will only be legally binding upon the contracting parties if the following requirements are complied with: consensus, contractual capacity, certainty, possibility, legality and formalities. 39 The above requirements will be discussed next. 39Para 1 1 above.
