The Federal Arbitration Act (FAA) mandates that all arbitration clauses be enforced by the courts, and preempts state legislatures from banning them. The exception to this rule, however, is arbitration clauses in insurance contracts.
In voluntary or non-binding arbitration, the insurer and the policyholder agree to meet with an arbitrator to review the claim. Once the arbitrator makes their decision on the claim, both parties then have the option to accept or reject it. If the decision is ultimately denied, the case can then be appealed.
Arbitration agreements require that persons who signed them resolve any disputes by binding arbitration, rather than in court before a judge and/or jury. What is binding arbitration? Binding arbitration involves the submission of a dispute to a neutral party who hears the case and makes a decision.
Arbitration is a contract-based form of binding dispute resolution. In other words, a party's right to refer a dispute to arbitration depends on the existence of an agreement (the “arbitration agreement”) between them and the other parties to the dispute that the dispute may be referred to arbitration.
In some instances, you may be able to sue if you signed a valid arbitration agreement. While courts generally favor arbitration agreements, they will allow you to file a lawsuit if either you didn't understand your rights or your claims fall outside the arbitration provision's scope.
What is an arbitration agreement? It's typically a clause in a broader contract in which you agree to settle out of court, through arbitration cases, any dispute that arises with your counterpart.
The Scope of the Clause. This section of the clause is critical; it sets the boundaries for which disputes the tribunal is authorised to determine. Choice of Rules. The Number of Arbitrators. Appointing Authority. Choice of Venue. The language of the proceedings. Finality. Exclusion of the right of appeal.
In voluntary or non-binding arbitration, the insurer and the policyholder agree to meet with an arbitrator to review the claim. Once the arbitrator makes their decision on the claim, both parties then have the option to accept or reject it. If the decision is ultimately denied, the case can then be appealed.
In a binding arbitration agreement, both parties agree—by contract—that the matter will be resolved by an arbitrator. This means that both parties have agreed to using arbitration should an insurance dispute arise. And, once the arbitrator makes a decision, this is the final judgment that will stand.
FINRA requires investors and other parties to file their arbitration claims via the DR Portal—except for investors representing themselves, who have the option to file by mail. If you are new to the DR Portal, please create an account. Login to the DR Portal and select “File a New Arbitration Claim” in the left column.