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The Sixth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution states that “in all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right . . . to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence.” This has applied in federal prosecutions for most of the nation's history.
Criminal defendants in misdemeanor cases do not have a right to appointed counsel if they are not sentenced to actual imprisonment, even if that conviction is later used to enhance sentencing for another crime, or even if the revocation of probation may result in actual imprisonment (although for parole revocation, the ...
To prove ineffective assistance of counsel, a defendant must show: That their trial lawyer's conduct fell below an "objective standard of reasonableness" and, "a reasonable probability that, but for counsel's unprofessional errors,” the outcome of the criminal proceeding would have been different.
The right to counsel “attaches” when formal judicial proceedings have begun. An accused is entitled to have counsel present and participating at all “critical stages” of the process.
California's law requires the court, at arraignment, to inform the defendant of the right to the aid of counsel “at every stage of the proceedings.” Alabama procedure requires that the judge must, at initial appearance, inform the defendant of the right to be represented by counsel and advise the defendant that he or ...
The right to counsel applies to all “critical stages,” which include a lineup or showup after formal charges are brought, preliminary hearing, trial, sentencing, and first appeal. See United States v. Wade, 388 U.S. 218 (1967); Coleman v. Alabama, 399 U.S. 1 (1970); Mempa v.
Counsel is ineffective when “a representation in which the defendant is deprived of a fair trial because the lawyer handles the case unreasonably, usually either by performing incompetently or by not devoting full effort to the defendant, especially because of a conflict of interest.” Factors often considered by the ...
Datavs, 71 M.J. 420 (to establish ineffective assistance of counsel, an accused must demonstrate both (1) that his counsel's performance was deficient, and (2) that this deficiency resulted in prejudice).
10 The two prongs are: 1) whether representation was unreasonable in light of prevailing professional norms; and 2) whether there is a reasonable probability that the outcome of the proceeding would have been different had representation been effective.