Use best professional judgment to determine whether restraint is clinically indicated for the individual patient. Obtain the patient's informed consent to the use of restraint, or the consent of the patient's surrogate when the patient lacks decision-making capacity.

There are three types of restraints: physical, chemical and environmental.

Bed rails, belts and chairs with an attached table are reported in the literature as the most commonly used types of restraint (Minnick et al.

When the patient or resident is stable and without significant changes, the monitoring and correlate documentation is then done at least every 4 hours for adults, every 2 hours for children from 9 to 17 years of age, and at least every hour for those less than 9 years of age.

Documentation must reflect the date and time the restraint is applied, the type of restraint, alternatives that were attempted (including their results), and notification of the patient's family and physician.

Wrist restraints that are used to prevent the dislodgment of tubes, lines and catheters. A vest restraint that is used to prevent falls as well as disturbed violent behavior. Arm and leg restraints that are used to prevent violent behavior. Leather restraints that are also used to prevent violent behavior.

Some examples of physical restraints include: Lap belts. Recliners that lean back, preventing easy movement. Side rails. Concave mattresses that prevent the patient from getting out of bed. Vests or belts on the wrists, pelvis, or waist that restrict movement. Trays or other devices that can prevent rising from a chair.

An overview of the types of restrictive practices including, chemical restraint, environmental restraint, mechanical restraint, physical restraint and seclusion.

Examples of physical restraint include vests, straps/belts, limb ties, wheelchair bars and brakes, chairs that tip backwards, tucking in sheets too tightly, and bedside rails.