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If the subsequent citation is in the footnote immediately following the full citation, you can use 'ibid'. Used alone, 'ibid' means 'in the very same place' ? in other words, the same source and the same page or paragraph as the preceding full citation.

Insert footnotes and endnotes Click where you want to reference to the footnote or endnote. On the References tab, select Insert Footnote or Insert Endnote. Enter what you want in the footnote or endnote. Return to your place in the document by double-clicking the number or symbol at the beginning of the note.

How do I format the footnote separator line on my word document? Switch to Draft View. Select View> Footnotes. Open the list in the bar that appears in the lower part of the document window. Select Footnote Separator. Click Reset.

If you refer to the same source again in your paper, you do not need to repeat the same full citation. Instead, you provide a shortened version of the footnote, which includes enough information for the reader to find the full citation in your bibliography or in an earlier footnote.

Use of ibid. "Ibid." (the abbreviation for "ibidem", meaning "in the same place") refers to the work cited in the preceding footnote or to the preceding work within the same footnote.

Ibid is used when referring to the same source in the footnote immediately above. Ibid may be used after another ibid or after a supra. Supra is used when referring to the same source in a footnote that is not immediately above.

To cite the same source and page number as you just cited, write ?Ibid.? on its own. When you are citing the same source, but different page numbers, write ?Ibid.? followed by a comma and the relevant page number(s). Ibid. Ibid., 36.