Use Footnote Release For Free

Footnote numbers are usually placed at the end of the relevant clause or sentence. The number appears after any punctuation, except when the clause ends with an em dash, in which case the number appears before it. Don't add a space before the number.

Use 'n' to refer to a source that has been cited in a previous footnote other than the immediately preceding one. For cases and legislation, a short title may be used followed by a cross-reference (n) in parentheses. See the examples of repeat citations using 'ibid' and 'n' provided below.

Footnotes, references, and Roman numerals: are all your ducks in a row? Make sure any superscripted numbers or asterisks after details in your release are accounted for and include the corresponding footnote.

Add a footnote Click where you want to add the footnote. Click Insert > Insert Footnote. Word inserts a reference mark in the text and adds the footnote mark at the bottom of the page. Type the footnote text.

When making reference to the same source for a second or further time in your work, there is no need to repeat the reference in full. It is best to use the shortest form of reference that will still allow a reader to find the source.

Give a full reference to the source in a footnote the first time it is mentioned (see 'Footnotes'). After that, it can be cited using the author's last name and the footnote number where a full reference to the source was last given (n ...).

Yes, you can abbreviate the subsequent citations of the source. If the subsequent citation is in the footnote immediately following the full citation, you can use 'ibid'. Used alone, 'ibid' means 'in the very same place' ? in other words, the same source and the same page or paragraph as the preceding full citation.

Further references to the same source The first time you cite a source, full details should be given. Subsequent references to the same source can then be abbreviated by briefly identifying the source and providing a cross-reference in brackets to the footnote that contains the full citation.