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Because, compilation is responsible for transforming the source code of every single source code file to a corresponding object code. That's it. So the compiler doesn't have to care about your external symbols (like the libraries and extern variables).

The linker is a program that makes executable files. The linker resolves linkage issues, such as the use of symbols or identifiers which are defined in one translation unit and are needed from other translation units. Symbols or identifiers which are needed outside a single translation unit have external linkage.

Compilation: the compiler takes the pre-processor's output and produces an object file from it. Linking: the linker takes the object files produced by the compiler and produces either a library or an executable file.

A compiler takes our source code and generates the corresponding assembly code. An assembler converts the assembly code to the machine code. A linker merges all the machine-code modules referenced in our code, whereas a loader moves the executable to RAM and lets it be executed by a CPU.

To summarize, the steps involved in compiling, linking, and running a program are: Compile the ``.c'' file containing the source code with a command such as. gcc -Wall -g -c hello.c. ... Link the ``.o'' file to produce an executable with a command such as. gcc -o hello hello.o -lm. ... Run the executable in the usual way.

Linking ? The linker is produces the final compilation output from the object files the compiler produced. This output can be a shared (or dynamic) library or an executable. It links the object files by replacing the undefined references with the correct addresses.

Compiling - The modified source code is compiled into binary object code. This code is not yet executable. Linking - The object code is combined with required supporting code to make an executable program. This step typically involves adding in any libraries that are required.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN g++ & gcc g++ is used to compile C++ program. gcc is used to compile C program.

The compiler checks the source code for the syntactical or structural errors, and if the source code is error-free, then it generates the object code. The c compilation process converts the source code taken as input into the object code or machine code.

Linking is the process of combining all the component object files. The linker determines where the code will reside in memory and how control will transfer between the components.