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The first step in the Comparison Process is to test fire the firearm into a water tank in the lab. The second step involves using a comparison microscope to compare the test bullet to the bullet recovered from the victim or crime scene.

The barrel is one of the most important factors for accuracy, as a poorly made barrel may be beyond correction. Even a quality barrel must be well matched to the cartridge it will be firing.

Ammunition is measured by the bullet's diameter, which is known as ?caliber?. The caliber can be measured in both inches and millimeters (mm). Depending on where it was invented, ammunition is measured in millimeters or inches.

Experts can often identify the weapon used based on rifling impressions on the bullet, or breech face and firing pin impressions in the primer at the base of the cartridge case.

The forensic scientist (toolmark examiner) using the comparison microscope will conduct comparison examinations to determine whether or not a particular tool may or may not have caused the markings on the evidence.

Sometimes, even bullet casings have serial numbers on them, and this has been a useful tool for tracking down criminals. There are many pros and cons to requiring serial numbers on ammunition, and both sides are worth exploring. Currently, there are no strict laws in America requiring ammunition to have serial numbers.

Officials are tracing shell casings, leading them to guns and whether or not they have been used in other crimes. In Provience's case, federal officials linked the shell casings to one gun. Then, they checked his social media posts that show him posing with a Glock . 40-caliber gun.

Ballistics experts test guns and spent bullets in criminal cases to prove guilt or innocence of crime suspects. They make microscopic comparisons between gun barrel flaws and the bullets found at a crime scene. They analyze bullet shots, angles and gun powder to determine their source.

The Integrated Ballistic Identification System (IBIS) is used to associate evidence in previously unsolved crimes. IBIS is a highly technical, computerized image analysis system that records striated images from bullets and cartridge cases and compares them to a national, and growing international, database of images.

Bullets fired from guns have distinct markings, as unique as fingerprints.Almost every bullet fired from a gun, can be traced back to that gun using a microscope.