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Logic programming is a type of programming that is based on formal logic. In AI, logic programming is used for knowledge representation and reasoning. Logic programming can be used for planning, natural language processing, and other tasks.

Logical AI involves representing knowledge of an agent's world, its goals and the current situation by sentences in logic. The agent decides what to do by inferring that a certain action or course of action is appropriate to achieve the goals.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the field devoted to building artificial animals (or at least artificial creatures that – in suitable contexts – appear to be animals) and, for many, artificial persons (or at least artificial creatures that – in suitable contexts – appear to be persons).

AI systems utilize logic-based formalisms such as first-order logic and ontologies to represent and organize knowledge. These formal representations enable AI algorithms to reason about the relationships between entities, properties, and events, facilitating intelligent decision-making.

The AI system can learn to make probabilistic predictions and draw logical inferences by analyzing patterns in the available data. Abductive Reasoning: Abductive reasoning involves inferring the best explanation or hypothesis from a set of observations.

by John McCarthy, Stanford's first faculty member in AI, who defined it as “the science and engineering of making intelligent machines.” Much research has human program software agents with the knowledge to behave in a particular way, like playing chess, but today, we emphasize agents that can learn, just as human ...

Thus, in Moore 1995b (Chapter 1), Robert C. Moore distinguishes three uses of logic in AI; as a tool of analysis, as a basis for knowledge representation, and as a programming language.