Get Reprocessing Of Multichannel Seismic-reflection Data ... - Pubs Usgs

A critically refracted seismic wave travels along acoustic interfaces and generates new waves that can be detected at the surface. The seismic-refraction method measures the time a seismic-energy pulse takes to travel from a source point to several receivers after being redirected by one or more subsurface interfaces.

In refraction surveys we are most interested in the seismic waves that are travelling laterally, whilst for reflection survey it is the (near-)vertical propagation we look for.

In comparison to single-channel seismic, multi-channel seismic reflection makes use of multiple source-receiver pairs that image the same point of the sub-surface.

Seismic Reflection Method. The seismic reflection method uses seismic waves with near-vertical paths to detect impedance contrasts within the crust and upper mantle (Fig. 7). The seismic reflection method provides the highest resolution images of the structure of the crust and Moho.

Multiple reflections are seismic events that have undergone more than one reflection between source and detector. As a seismic wave travels through the earth, it is split into a reflected and a transmitted wave at each acoustic discontinuity.

Processing of seismic data Seismic data recorded in digital form by each channel of the recording instrument are represented by a time series. ... The next three sections are devoted to the three principal processes — deconvolution, CMP stacking, and migration.