Get (Klug/Cummings/Spencer/Palladino) Chapter 2 Mitosis And Meiosis...

The process of mitosis, or cell division, is also known as the M phase. This is where the cell divides its previously-copied DNA and cytoplasm to make two new, identical daughter cells. Mitosis consists of four basic phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

Meiosis II After cytokinesis there will be four cells, each containing only one unreplicated chromosome of each type. Meiosis II resembles mitosis in that the number of chromosomes per cell is unchanged - both are equational cell divisions – but in meiosis II all four cells have different genetic composition.

Sister chromatids separate in mitosis, and homologous chromosomes separate in meiosis II. Meiosis II occurs in a haploid cell, while mitosis occurs in diploid cells. Meiosis II is known as 'reductional division' while mitosis is known as 'equatorial division'.

cell cycle, the ordered sequence of events that occur in a cell in preparation for cell division. The cell cycle is a four-stage process in which the cell increases in size (gap 1, or G1, stage), copies its DNA (synthesis, or S, stage), prepares to divide (gap 2, or G2, stage), and divides (mitosis, or M, stage).

Mitosis creates two identical daughter cells that each contain the same number of chromosomes as their parent cell. In contrast, meiosis gives rise to four unique daughter cells, each of which has half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Since cell division occurs twice during meiosis, one starting cell can produce four gametes (eggs or sperm). In each round of division, cells go through four stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

There are two types of cell division: mitosis and meiosis. Most of the time when people refer to “cell division,” they mean mitosis, the process of making new body cells. Meiosis is the type of cell division that creates egg and sperm cells. Mitosis is a fundamental process for life.