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At this stage there is very little cartilage left and there are very large bald patches (i.e. the tyre is bald). Symptoms: Constant ache/pain often severe affecting the whole knee or hip. The area may be swollen, thickened, stiff and there is often pain on weight bearing.

Current treatments for end-stage arthritis (bone touching bone) are very limited and are mostly surgical options, i.e. joint replacement. Currently there is no effective way of replacing the cartilage that is damaged or worn out.

There's no cure for osteoarthritis, but the condition does not necessarily get any worse over time. There are a number of treatments to help relieve the symptoms. The main treatments for the symptoms of osteoarthritis include: lifestyle measures – such as maintaining a healthy weight and exercising regularly.

Although everyone with osteoarthritis is different, Halpern says that exercises that tend to aggravate knee osteoarthritis are deep squats, lunges, and any movement that pounds on the joint.

Grade 2: This is the stage where people will experience symptoms for the first time. They will have pain after a long day of walking and will sense a greater stiffness in the joint. It is a mild stage of the condition, but X-rays will already reveal greater bone spur growth.

Patients with moderate to severe knee arthritis who have exhausted non-surgical treatment options might consider replacing the entire knee joint. The surgery involves cutting the arthritically damaged ends of the tibia (shin bone) and femur (thighbone) and capping both with prostheses (like capping teeth).

Stage 4 – Severe This is the most severe stage of OA, which means it is also the most painful. At this point, the cartilage is almost completely gone, leading to an inflammatory response from the joint. The bone spurs that developed in the earlier stages have now multiplied, often causing excruciating pain.

The main treatments for the symptoms of osteoarthritis include: lifestyle measures – such as maintaining a healthy weight and exercising regularly. medication – to relieve your pain. supportive therapies – to help make everyday activities easier.

Management and Treatment Using pain medications. Doing physical therapy. Maintaining a healthy weight. Using a knee brace. Using orthotics such as insoles or special footwear. Cortisone (steroid) injections. Viscosupplementation.