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High-band spectrum (above 24 GHz) travels much shorter distances—think meters, not miles—compared to low-band spectrum, but offers high capacity and ultra-fast speeds. Mid-band spectrum (between 3 and 24 GHz) blends the characteristics of both low- and high-band spectrum—providing a mix of coverage and capacity.

There is no limit on distance. In a vacuum, with nothing else around, a wave simply loses power with distance. On Earth, with atmosphere and trees and buildings and so on, different wavelengths/frequencies will be reflected and absorbed differently.

A spectrum licence lets you operate a range of radiocommunications devices. You can only operate in the area and frequency range your licence allows.

Some of the most common licensed spectrum bands include cellular (700 MHz and 800 MHz), PCS (1.9 GHz), AWS (1.7/2.1 GHz) and BRS/EBS (2.5 GHz).

High-frequency (HF) radio is in the 100- to 10-metre wavelength band, extending from 3 megahertz to 30 megahertz.

High frequency (HF) is the ITU designation for the range of radio frequency electromagnetic waves (radio waves) between 3 and 30 megahertz (MHz). It is also known as the decameter band or decameter wave as its wavelengths range from one to ten decameters (ten to one hundred meters).

Frequency spectrum of a signal is the range of frequencies contained by a signal. For example, a square wave is shown in Fig. 3.5A. It can be represented by a series of sine waves, S(t) = 4A/π sin(2πft) + 4A/3π sin(2π(3f)t) + 4A/5π sin(2π(5f)t + …)

The radio frequency spectrum includes the set of frequencies of the electromagnetic framework ranging from 30 Hz to 300 GHz. It is divided into several ranges, or bands, and given labels, such as low frequency (LF), medium frequency (MF) and high frequency (HF), for easier identification.

VHF, in full very high frequency, conventionally defined portion of the electromagnetic spectrum including any radiation with a wavelength between 1 and 10 metres and a frequency between 300 and 30 megahertz.